Reciprocating pump



June 10, 1941. -w. c. RICHARDSON RECIPROCATING PUMP 6 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Sept. 25, 1937 William CRiChardson INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

June 10, 1941. w. c. RICHARDSON ,50

RECIPROCATING rum? ATTORNEY.

Wflham -C.R1chardson 1 INVENTOR.

5mm 10,1941. w. c. RICHARDSON; r 2,245,501

I REC IPROCATING PUMP I Filed Sept. 25, 1937 T e Sheets -Sheet 4 7 I '37I l Q B; o HEP/Q36 1NVENTOR.

J BY I Q 41,

ATTORNEY.

William C. Richardson I W, C. RICHARDSGN June 10, 1941. 2,245,501

- REGIPROCMING PUMP 7 Filed Sept. 25, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 ichards onINVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

June 10,1941. w, c, RICHARDSON "2,245,501

RECIPROCATING PUMP Y Filedse t. 25, 1937 s Sheets-Sheet e liroca Ychamber;

' through on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7

Patented June 10,19 4! UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,245,501BECIPROCAIING Pm William 0. Richardson,- Electra, Tex.

I relates to an improvement in refi' msfoilthetypeused ior pumping'oilor other deep wells in the earth. The invention relates moreparticularly to the operating" 5 mechanism for such pumps.

Heretofore, attempts ha e-been made to operate a deep well pump by fluidpressure, but difllculty has been experienced, first, with the operationof the various valves for controlling the pump, and

second, with the deleterious eiiect of :the air or gas" that isdischarged into the 011 being pumped.

The object of this-invention is to improve the operating mechanism oiafluid actuated pump of this type, whereby a. quick changing or thevalves may be obtained automatically and proper I tion or thepump'cylinder and travelling valve; and

and desired operation thereof provided, while at the same timepreventing intermixing oi the pumping fluid with the oil or other fluidpumped from the well.

In the present invention, the valves are so controlled by a positivequick changing mechanism that no dead center is experienced. The fluidis discharged irom the operating mechanism into a separate conduit andconveyed to the surface of the well separate from the pumping oil,whereby there is no intermixing of the pumping fluid with the pumpedfluid from the well. Thus the expensive treating that would be necessaryto eliminate this pu mping fluid from the crude oil intermixed therewithis wholly eliminated.

Although the-invention may be embodied in different forms and changesmade therein to meet specific needs and requirements, a prei'erredembodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawingsin which:

' Fig. 1 rise. vertical sectional view 01 a portion of a deep well pumpshowing the invention applied thereto, parts being in elevation;

Fig. 2 is a 'side elevation 01' the latch hook detached; v Fig. '3 is :asii'nilar'view of a slide standard? Fig. 4 is a similar view of a slideon the valve trip mechanism;

Fig. 5 is' a transverse sectional view through the slide standard, onthe line 5-! of Fig. 3:

Fig. 6 is a similar view-through the slide on theline 5-4 Orrin; Fig. 7is a vertical sectional view partly in elevation, on an enlarged scale,through-the valve Fig. 8 is-a transverse sectional view there- Fig. 9 isa similar view on the of Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view through aportion of the pump, partlyin elevation, showing the valve tripmechanism; I

Application September 25, 1931, Serial No. 165,750

.19 Claims. (01.103-46) 'Fig. 12 isa transverse sectional view on theline I2| 2 of Fig. 10;

Fig. 13 is a similar view on the line l3-I3 of Fig. 10

j Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional view through a portion of the pumpshowing the stroke linkage chamber, parts being in elevation;

Fig. 1-5 is a transverse sectional view on the line l5l5 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a similar view on the line lt-lli or I 1 Fig. 18;

Fig. 17 is .a. vertical sectional view partly in elevation through thepower pistons and their cylinders;

Fig; =l8-is a similar view through the upper por- Fig.19 is a similarview through the lower portion of the pump cylinder and standing valve.

I The form of the invention shown in the drawings is illustratedgenerally in Fig. 1, and more in detail inthe other figures, but Fig. 1shows the complete pump, but with the pipes connecting I plane, whereassome or these pipes would be out the. different parts in a diagrammaticillustration,. locating these pipes substantially in a single of saidplane and slightly ofi'set therefrom. The pump comprises a casingdesignated generally by the numeral 22 which is shown as made in,

sections separated by partitions 23, which divide the easing into powercylinders 24, within which pistons 28 operate. The pistons 26 areattached to a hollow connecting rod 28, slidably mounted in, stuillngboxes 29 and 30, in the partitions 23,

and the lower endof the piston rod 28 carries a. piston 3| and travelingvalve 32 operatively mounted in a lower cylinder 33 in the casing.

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the trip mech- These are shown in detailsin Fig. 18, from which it will beapparent that the traveling valve isprevented from closing the lower end of the hollow piston rod 28 by apin 34, so that the fluid may pass the traveling valve and into thelower end of the piston rod. y

Figs. 1 and 19 illustrate the usual standing valve designated generallyby the numeral 35, which is secured in the lower end 01' the casing 22,

in order to admit fluid into the pump cylinder 33 from which it isforced upwardly through the hollow connecting rod 28. A

As shown in Figs. 1, 14 and 15, the upper end of the hollow connectingrod 28 carries a plate 36, through which pass slidable valve controlrods31, each carrying stops. and I0 above and below the plate 36,respectively, to engage the said plate 36 upon longitudinal movement ofthe connecting rod '28, to reciprocate the control rod 31 by lengthwisemotion or the connecting rod 28.

As shown in Figs. 10 and 11, the upper end portions of the control rods:1, pass slidably through flanges 42 and 44, and have stops 46 and 48,re-

spectively, above and below the flanges 4'2 and 48 to engage the latter.The flanges 4'2 and 44 receive a valve stem 58 which passes therethroughand which has a coiled spring 52 sleeved thereon and bearing at oppositeends on the flanges t2 and 44, normally tending to press said flangesagainst stops 53 fixed on the valve stem 58.

As shown in Fig. l, the casing 22 has a partition 58, secured thereinprovided with an upstanding support 55 having openings 56 therethroughfor the passage of fluid from within the support 55 upwardly to thespace in the casing above the partition 5d.

As shown in Figs. and ll, the support 55 carries an end member El towhich are secured the lower ends of a pair of standards 58, the upperends of which standards are secured to an end member 58. The standards58 are disposed on opposite sides of the valve stem 58 and support thevalve casing designated generally by the numeral til, as shown in detailin Fig. 'l'.

The valve casing 88 is divided into several valve chambers iii, 82 and83, and between the chambers 8i and 82 is a fluid chamber t l, whilefluid chambers and 68 are provided, respectively, above and below thevalve chamber 81% The valve stem 58 carries valves 8t, t8, t8 and iii,the valves and 58 being in opposed relation on opposite sides of thechamber 8 3, while the valves 89 and l d face and seat in oppositedirections alternately in th valve chamber 83.

The valves lid, and it are spring-pressed for yieldable movementrelative to the valve stem 88, on which the valves ti and t8 are fixed.A spring "ii in each of the valves'tii and i8 bears at one end against acup which is pinned to the piston rod at W, while the opposite end ofsaid spring bears against a gland "it, having packing id interposedbetween the same and the valve, the latter having its movement limitedin one direction by a pin it. This packing prevents any liquid fromescaping around the valve stem 58, while the purpose of having one ofeach pair of valves yieldable is to permit seating thereof and of theother valves on the stem, even though one or more of these should wearmore rapidly than the others.

To facilitate assembly, the valvecasing 88 is divided into sectionsseparated by packing members it, having glands it to prevent leakage ofthe fluid from one chamber to an adjoining 58. This prevents the slides.83 from slipping down until forcedby the flange l2.

The power fluid which is pumped down into th well from the surface ofthe ground is directed through an inlet pipe 88 into the chamber 88(Fig.

7). Since the valve iii is open, the-fluid will flow into the chamber 68and into a conduit 88 to the upper ends of power cylinders 24, above thepis= tons 28. The pressure of this fluid will force the pistons 28downwardly in their cylinders, while the fluid in the lower ends of thecylinders 24 will be forced thereby into a conduit 98 which extendsupwardly therefrom to chamber 8i, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1.The valve 81 being open, this fluid will be directed into the chamber68, thence through a conduit8i, back to the surface of the ground at thetop .of the well.

The downward motion of the pistons 28 will also force the pump piston 3idownwardly in its cylinder 38, causing the liquid trapped in the latterto be forced upwardly through the traveling valve 32 and connecting rod28, to a point above the power cylinders to where it is discharged inthe casing below the partition 54, through which it is forced and aroundthe valve casing to out through th top of the pump casing.

When the pistons 28 have approximately reached the limits of theirdownward movements,

the valve stem 80, thereby causing downward (ill chamber. while a glandl8 closes the upper end the length thereof, and provided with hooks 82at the upper and lower ends thereof.-respectively,

in positions to engage flanges 42 and 84. A latch slide 83 also extendslengthwise of each standard 58, being telescoped thereon and slidablerelative thereto. The latch slide 83 has shoulders Bl and 85, adjacentopposite 'ends thereof on the inner side-of the latch slide, while theopposite'edge thereof has a closed shoulder 86, at one end and a similarshoulder 81 at the opposite end to con tact the curved end portions ofthe latch 88. An

elongated transverse opening is formed in the slide 88 to permitinsertion of the pivot pin 8i for assembly of the parts.

Each latch slide 83 has a spring catch 83 secured thereto to theconnecting rod 28 will have carried the plate 38 into engagement" withthe lower stops 58 on the control rods 37, moving said control rods andthereby causing the stops 48 on the upper ends thereof (Fig, 10) tocontact flange 82 and compress the spring as. This will cause the slide63 to move downward on each standard 58 to a point where the closed side86 will engage the curved upper end of latch 88, tripping the same andreleasing flange M for downward movement by the spring 58.

The flange will engage th lower stop 53 on movement of the valve stem toclose valves 61' and i8, and opening the valves 88 and 68. This shiftingof the valves will cause the motive fluid to be directed from chamber 68past valve 88 and into a conduit 82, which leads from chamber 85downwardly to the lower ends of the cylinders 24 to act upwardly onthe-pistons 28 in their lower positions tending to move them upwardly inth cylinders, and reversing the operation as described above, causingthe motive fluid to be forced upwardly from above the pistons into aconduit 83, extending upwardly to chamber 82, past open valve 88 and outthrough conduit SE to the top of the well. I

On the upstroke of the piston, the valve control rods 81 move stops 48thereon to push upwardly against the flange l4, and the piston continuesto travel upwardly until the slides 88 reach the positions shown in Fig.10.v As soon as the piston reverses, the flange ll seats upon the lawsof the latch hooks 82, but the outer shoulders 8'! of the slides 83 holdthe latch hooks engaged with the flange H. The width of the notches inthe latch hooks 82 should be double the thicimess of the flanges so theslides will permit the upper flange to be opposite the upper hooks whenthe lower flange is disengaged by the lower hooks. The shoulders 88press the upper hooks inward,

f and on the reverse movement they are pushed engage in a notch 88' inthe adjacent standard casing 22 around the various conduit pipes 88, 88,

- 90, 9|, Stand 93, to insure'tightjoints with the casing and to preventleakage of fluid around for discharge through the casing, means formingpassageways for directing fluid to the power cylinder on respectiveopposite sides of the power piston, valve means connected with saidpassageways for controlling the-supply of fluid to said power cylinderand having a valve stem connected with the valve means and extendingapproximately in axial alignment with the connecting rod, and trip meansinterposed between said valve stem and the connecting rod and connectedtherewith.

2. In a deep well pump, the combination of a casing having a pluralityvof aligned cylinders therein, a pump piston in one of said cylinders, apower piston in an adjacent cylinder, a tubular connecting rod extendingbetween the pump and power pistons mechanically connecting said pump andpower pistons together and having communication therethrough for forcingfluid from one side of the pump piston to the opposite side of the powerpiston .for discharge through the casing, means forming passageways fordirecting fluid to the power cylinder on respective opposite sides orthe power piston, valve means connected with said passageways forcontrolling the supply of fluid to said power cylinder and having avalve stem connected with the valve means and extending approximately inaxial alignment with the connecting rod, and trip means interposedbetween said valve stem and the connecting rod and connected therewith.

3. In a deep well pump,thecombination of a casing having a plurality ofaligned cylinders therein, a pump piston in one of said cylinders,

a power piston in an adjacent cylinder, a tubular connecting rodextending through the power piston to the pump piston mechanicallyconnecting said pump and power pistons together and with communicationthrough said pump piston, j

casing having a plurality of aligned cylinders therein, a pump piston inone of said cylinders and having a traveling valve for controlling flowtherethrough, a power piston in another of said cylinders, a tubularconnecting rod connected with said traveling valve mechanicallyconnecting said pump and power pistons together and extending throughthe power piston for directing pumped fluid from the pump cylinderthrough the .pump piston and the cylinder thereof for passageways fordirecting fluid to the power cylinder on respective oppositesides of thepower piston, valve means connected with said passageways forcontrolling the supply of fluid to said power cylinder and having avalve stem connected with the valve means and extending y approximatelyin axial alignment with the con-- necting rod, and trip means interposedbetween said valve stem and the connecting rod and com nected therewith.

5. In a deep well pump, the combination of a casing having a pluralityof aligned cylinders therein, a pump piston in one of said cylinders, apower piston in an adjacent cylinder, a tubular connecting rod extendingfrom the pump piston' through the power piston and cylinder thereofmechanically connecting said pump and power pistons together fordirecting pumped fluid from the pump cylinder upwardly past the powercylinder for discharge through the casing, means.

forming passageways for directing fluid to the power cylinder onrespective opposite sides of the power piston, valve means connectedwith said passageways for controlling the supply of fluid to said powercylinder and having a valve stem connected with the valve means andextending approximately in axial alignment with the connecting rod, andtrip means interposed between said valve stem and the connecting rod andconnected therewith.

6. In a reciprocating pump, thecombination of a casing having pumpand,power cylinders therein, pistons in said cylinders, a connecting rod forsaid pistons, means for supplying fluid pressure to the power cylinder,valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, avalve stem therefor, control rods connected with the connecting rod anddisposed on opposite sides of the valve stem, spring-pressed meanshaving a lost motion connection between the control rod and valve stem,and trip means normally tending to hold the valve stem'in a setposition. g

'7. In a reciprocating pump, the combination ot a. casing having pumpand power cylinders therein, pistons in said cylinders, a connecting rodfor said pistons, means'for supplying fluid pressure to the powercylinder, valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said powercylinder, a valve stem therefor, control rodsv connected with theconnecting rod and disposed on opposite sides 01' the valve stem,spring-pressed 7 means having a. lost motion connection betweendischarge through the casing, means forming the control rod and valvestem, trip means normally tending to hold the valve stem in a setposition, said trip means including upright standards, a latch pivotedto each standardand means slidable upon each standard and actuated bymovement of the control valves for trip ping the latch to causeresilient movement of the valves with the valve stem for yielding actionrelative thereto.

'9. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump andpower cylinders,

pistons therein operatively connected together,

means for supplying fluid pressure to the power the fluid supply means,and valve means for controlling communication through said chambers. 10.In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing'having pump andpower cylinders therein, pistons in saidcylinders operatively connectedtogether, a valve casing within the pump casing and spaced from thesides thereof for upward flow therearound, said valve leasing having a.plurality of aligned chambers therein, conduits connecting certain ofsaid chambers with the inlet and exhaust sides of the cylinder, inletand exhaust conduits connected with other of said chambers, and valvemeans controlling communication between said chambers.

11. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump andpower cylinders, pistons therein, a tubular connecting rod connectedwith said pistons and extending through the cylinders above the powercylinder for directing fluid upwardly through the casing, a valve casingmounted in the pump casing and spaced from the sides thereof for upward,flow therearound, means connecting said valve casing with the powercylinder, and valve means in the valve casing for controllingcommunication through said connecting means.

12. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump andpower cylinders, pistons therein, a tubular connecting rod connectedwith said pistons and extending through the cylinders above the powercylinder for directing fluid upwardly through the casing, a partition inthe casing above the power cylinder having an opening therethroughthrough which the fluid passes, a valve casing supported by saidpartition in the casing and spaced from the sides thereof for upwardflow of fluid therearouncl, fluid supply means communicating with thepower cylinder and valve casing, and valve means in the valve casing forcontrolling communication through said supply means.

13. In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a casing having pump andpower cylinders,

pistons therein, a tubular connecting rod connected with said pistonsand extending through the cylinders above the power cylinder for ditionthrough said supply means, and lost-motion means interposed between theconnecting rod and valve means and connecting the same toether.

spring-pressed means having a lost-motion c0nnection between the controirod and valve stem,

and trip means normally tending to holdthe v rod and disposed onopposite sides of the valve stem, spring-pressed means having alost-motion connection between the control rod and the valve stem, tripmeans normally tending to hold the valve stem in a set position, saidtrip means including upright standards, a latch pivoted to eachstandard, and mean slidable upon each standard and actuated by movementof the control valves for tripping the latch to cause resilient movementof the valve stem.

16. In a reciprocating pump of the character described, the combinationof a casing having a power cylinder therein, a piston for said cylinder,means for supplying fluid pressure to said power cylinder, inlet andexhaust valves for controlling said fluid pressure, a valve stem forsaid valves, and means resiliently connecting one of said valves withthe valve stem for yielding action relative thereto.

1'7. Trip mechanism for a valve comprising a pair of upright standards,a latch pivoted to each standard and having hooks at opposite ends 14.In a reciprocating pump, the combination of a power cylinder, a pistonin said cylinder, a piston rod connected with said piston, means forsupplying fluid pressure to the power cylinder,

valves for controlling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, avalve stem therefor, control rods connected with the connecting rod anddisposedpn opposite sides of thevalve stem,

thereof, disks in position to engage the hooks, and a latch slidesli'dably mounted on each standard and having means for tripping therespective latch adapted to cause movement of the valve. 7

18. In a power device, the combination of a power cylinder, a piston insaid cylinder, a piston rodconnected with said piston, means forsupplying fluid pressure to the power cylinder, valves for controllingthe inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, a valve stem therefor,control rods connected with the connecting rod and disposed on oppositesides of the valve stem, a pair of spring-pressed discs havinglostmotion connections with the control rod and .valve stem, and tripmeans normally tending to hold-the valve stem in a set position.

19. In a power device, the combination of a casing having a powercylinder therein, a piston in said cylinder, a connecting rod for saidpiston, means for supplying fluid pressure to the cylinder, valves forcontrolling the inlet and exhaust to said power cylinder, a-valve stemtherefor, control rods connected with the connecting rod and disposed onopposite sides of the valve stem, spring-pressed means having alost-motion connection between the control rod and the valve stem, andtrip means normally tending to hold the valve stem in a set position,

said trip means including upright standards, a latch pivoted to eachstandard approximately midway between the ends of said latch, and meansslidable upon each standard and actuated by movement of {the controlvalves for of the valve stem.

WILLIAM C. RICHARDSON.

